shughart and gordon bodiesshughart and gordon bodies

[8], SFC Shughart's awards and decorations include:[9][10], On May 23, 1994, Shughart and Gordon were posthumously decorated with the Medal of Honor for protecting the crew of Super Six Four. Prior to its hiatus, she also served as the Head of Content for UK YouTube publication, TenEighty Magazine. On May 23, 1994, President Clinton awarded Gordon and Shughart the Medal of Honor, joining just 3,000 others in two centuries. He and Shughart crossed paths several times. Shughart's body was eventually recovered and is buried in Westminster Cemetery, Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Their aim was to capture key allies of the powerful Somali warlord, Gen Mohamed Farah Aideed. Their names were MSG Gary Gordon and SFC Randal (Randy) Shughart. Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader unhesitatingly volunteered to be inserted to protect the four critically wounded personnel, despite being well aware of the growing number of enemy personnel closing in on the site. They did that, even though large numbers of armed Somali militia were converging the area. Citation: Sergeant First Class Shughart, United States Army, distinguished himself by actions above and beyond the call of duty on 3 October 1993, while serving as a Sniper Team Member, United States Army Special Operations Command with Task Force Ranger in Mogadishu, Somalia. It was of crew chief Cleveland. Required fields are marked *, Visit our friends and partners at Nortrack for tracking and other tactical training. Today we remember one of our most famous Special Operations warriors. They were tasked to provide sniper support from the air during the battle, but things went wrong after two Black Hawk helicopters were shot down. Unlike other members of the armed forces, the Delta Force is granted a lot of freedom in how they live and what they look like. The Mission commander said that the situation was already too dangerous for the Delta snipers to safeguard the Blackhawk crew from the ground effectively But, they insisted! They risked their lives without hesitation.. GunSpot was created to be the one spot for everything gun-related. COVID origins? You are not fit to command."[13]. Now, the optic rail used in the movie is super low, like really, really low. Aidid was fatally wounded in a battle with a rival militia two years later. Theres an on-going debate on whos tougher: a Navy SEAL or a member of the 1st Special Forces Operational Detachments Delta Unit, a.k.a. Once on the ground, they were armed with only their weapons and sidearms. Their ammunition nearly depleted, Gordon and Shughart were killed by Somali militias gunfire. Master Sergeant Gordon immediately pulled the pilot and the other crew members from the aircraft, establishing a perimeter which placed him and his fellow sniper in the most vulnerable position. Then a second Black Hawk was shot down, and militia members and an armed mob converged on the site. As a Delta operator, he advanced to Team Sergeant. Just as they fought and died together, the two operators were honored together as well. Place and date: 3 October 1993, Mogadishu, Somalia. Hes also a sign of Mexicos healthcare crisis, Black residents of Jackson, Miss., blast plans by white-dominated Legislature for more state control, Spain approves menstrual leave, teen abortion and trans laws. [5], There was some confusion in the aftermath of the action as to who had been killed first. And on the GunSpot Academy, you can find high-quality original content. Background. A CSRT (Combat Search and Rescue team) was dispatched to the first crash site to secure it, and a short time later, another Black Hawk, Super 64 (Super Six Four), was shot down as well. After completing basic training, he successfully completed infantry AIT (advanced individual training), Airborne School, and in 1978 was assigned to the 2nd Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, at Fort Lewis, Washington. The battle was a disaster for coalition troops and resulted in a major strategic victory for Somali National Alliance forces, with American, Malaysian and Pakistani forces suffering heavy losses. It is believed that Gordon was the first to be killed. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Gordon, however, repeated his request until he got permission. Halling stayed behind to man a door gun as one of the helicopter's gunners had been wounded. She swallowed tears as she described how she pored over the pictures, how she found contours that seemed so familiar, but not enough for her to say with certainty the soldier in the photograph was her son. Was he Staff Sgt. As they monitored the downing of the 2nd Blackhawk it was evident that ground forces would not be available anytime soon to secure the crash site and protect the crew of four, whom all survived the crash. As he was preparing to fast rope from Super 67, Blackburn missed the rope, falling between 60-90 feet ( 18.29m-27.43m). The full "rescue scene" with Shugart and Gordon in HQ. Charlie Warren, were severely wounded. Gary Gordon is buried in Lincoln Cemetery in Penobscot . The critical lesson is to never underestimate your enemy. Gary Gordon wouldn't give up while aiming to rescue fellow soldiers trapped in Somalia in 1993. The story and the iconic look of Shugharts M14 make it one of the most famous military firearms in cinematic history as well as military history. Right now, I couldnt tell you for sure.. Gordon, however, repeated his request until he got permission. 1st Class Randall Shughart, a 35-year-old from Newville, Pa., who so loved the military that he made his wife, Stephanie, promise never to ask him to quit? The infamous picture of the US Soldier being dragged shirtless through the street was not either of the CAG Snipers. Master Sergeant Gordons sniper team provided precision fires from the lead helicopter during an assault and at two helicopter crash sites, while subjected to intense automatic weapons and rocket propelled grenade fires. Randy Shughart was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, into an Air Force family. After their wedding came a son, Ian, then a daughter, Brittany. Atto was a former supporter and financier of Aidid, and of the same subclan. Both Shughart and Gordon were posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for their selfless sacrifice, the first time it had been awarded since the Vietnam war. Several months later, he completed the pre-ranger course, obtained a spot at Ranger School and earned his Ranger Tab. Medal of Honor recipients For their efforts during the Battle of Mogadishu, Gary Gordon and Randall Shughart were posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. They were the only service members participating in Operation Gothic Serpent to receive the award, and were its first recipients since the Vietnam War. Some could barely speak for weeping; others said they found little relief in knowing the soldier in the picture was someone elses husband or son. Bush authorized the dispatch of U.S. troops to Somalia to assist with famine relief as part of the larger United Nations effort. The Pentagons position is this: Naming the man in the picture serves no purpose, and would only pain those who loved and lost him. [7], In the 2001 film Black Hawk Down, Shughart was portrayed by actor Johnny Strong. (from the Bowdens notes: this is because he was at most liberty to talk about the events). That in itself is jarring enough. The Aimpoint PRO has a nearly identical aesthetic to the CompM and can still be put in a singular scope ring should you desire that. These Citation Reads:Rank and organization: Master Sergeant, U.S. Army. Their ammunition depleted, Gordon and Shughart were killed by Somali gunfire. Two elite Delta snipers, Gary Gordon and Randy Shughart volunteered to be inserted at the site by another Black Hawk, knowing help was far away down the hostile, roadblocked avenues of. Ridley Scott directed the movie. Citation Reads:Rank and organization: Sergeant First Class, U.S. Army. After his father, Herbert Shughart, left the Air Force, the Shugharts moved to Newville, Pennsylvania, to live and work on a dairy farm. Sergeant First Class Shughart's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest standards of military service and reflect great credit upon him-self, his unit and the United States Army. In October 1993, elite American troops launched a disastrous raid in the Somali capital Mogadishu. I have the utmost respect for the two men and, as a gun enthusiast and creator, I wanted to do a project that could honor their memory. Did we just find them one day? Despite having inflicted heavy casualties against the Somalis, the two Delta snipers were too outnumbered and outgunned. The award read in part: "Master Sergeant Gordon's . the bodies including Gary Gordon's at the second crash site was Shughart was born August 13, 1958, in Lincoln, Nebraska, into a United States Air Force family of German descent. Gary Gordon joined the US Army in December 1978. Master Sergeant Gordon continued to travel the perimeter, protecting the downed crew. That picture represents every parents nightmare, said Caroline Smith of Long Valley, N.J., who lost her 21-year-old son, Spc. Do Men Still Wear Button Holes At Weddings? After their third request to be inserted, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader received permission to perform this volunteer mission. As a person with an interest in guns, movies and military history, its rewarding to take on projects where all those line up. Westminster Cemetery, Pennsylvania, United States Stories of the Unsolved. For the sling, I actually got an older used sling so that it had that worn aesthetic to make the rifle look like its seen some hard use. Then there is Chief Instructor Grant LaVelle, who has decades of experience training Marines, police officers and citizens alike. Purple Heart. Joe Gradisher, a Pentagon spokesman assigned to field questions about Somalia. In total 50 Somalian bodies were found at the location. It is believed that Gordon was the first to be killed. Master Sergeant Gordon used his long range rifle and side arm to kill an undetermined number of attackers until he depleted his ammunition. Later investigation and reconstruction concluded that Gordon was the first to be killed. Gordon and Shughart were a sniper team for Delta Force and were assigned to over watch the operation, engaging targets from the Blackhawk. They could have taken a belt of 7.62 ammo from the door gunner and delinked it. Content on this website is free to use and share, but please provide a link back to Spec Ops Magazine as a source. In 1989, Gordon was with the outfit in Operation Just Cause, the invasion of Panama to capture its dictator, Manuel Noriega. In the movie, which was released in 2001, it looks as if the rifle has a split rail mount. Master Sgt. Live The Armory Life. The mission was an assault mission to apprehend advisors to Mohamed Farrah Aidid, and it was to be a short operation. Sergeant First Class Shughart continued his protective fire until he depleted his ammunition and was fatally wounded. On May 23, 1994, President Clinton awarded Gordon and Shughart the Medal of Honor, joining just 3,000 others in two centuries. ", Suddenly Durant heard Gordon say, "Damn. It is unknown why he missed the rope. His teachers thought he was smart, but his grades drifted because he was obsessed doodling "anything and everything military-related," his mother told a reporter. Shughart was assigned to Delta Force and was transferred to Fort Bragg, North Carolina in June 1986. In her spare time, Clare likes to play Pokemon GO and re-watch Heartland over and over (and over) again. Atto is alleged to have masterminded the defeat of Aidid. The USNS Shughart is currently the lead ship in her class, and is capable of carrying 48 track vehicles, 58 tanks, and over 900 trucks and other wheeled vehicles. Shughart and Gordon were both awarded purple hearts and medals of honor for their bravery and sacrifice. Master Sergeant Gordon then went back to the wreckage, recovering some of the crews weapons and ammunition. If they had not come in, I wouldnt have survived. For their bravery and actions beyond the call of duty, the United States government awarded both Shugart and Gordon the Medal of Honor, the only snipers to have ever received the MOH. On October 3, 1993, during Operation Gothic Serpent, an assault mission to apprehend advisers to Mohamed Farrah Aidid, the Black Hawk helicopter with the call sign Super Six-One was shot down in the city. How many Delta Force died in Black Hawk Down? Randy Shughart and Gary Gordon fought their way to the downed Blackhawk. With the ARMS #18 mount and the Aimpoint PRO installed, we are now about 90% of the way to the finished product. Shughart retrieved Gordons CAR-15 and gave it to Durant to use. The body of a baby has been found in a woodland area in southern England, close to where aristocrat Constance Marten and her partner Mark Gordon were arrested earlier this week over concerns for . In 1996 the US Navy named two ships after Shughart and Gordon in honor of their heroic actions. The heroic actions of Gary Gordon and Randall Shughart on October 3 ultimately saved Michael Durants life. In 1993, Gordons body was eventually buried and brought back to his hometown in Maine. But even then, of the bodies she saw, she wasnt really sure which might be Ray Franks. Thanks for the reply. When debris and enemy ground fires at the site caused them to abort the first attempt, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader were inserted one hundred meters south of the crash site. Was he Sgt. After his team member was fatally wounded and his own rifle ammunition exhausted, Master Sergeant Gordon returned to the wreckage, recovering a rifle with the last five rounds of ammunition and gave it to the pilot with the words, good luck. Then, armed only with his pistol, Master Sergeant Gordon continued to fight . Gordon wanted to be inserted to secure the crash site as hostile Somalis were converging on the area. The Americans' "overconfidence played a part in the problems during the raid," wrote Chun. ", The pilot wrote: "He sounded almost irritated, like this was just going to make things harder for him. Ray Dowdy and Staff Sgt. Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? As the second Blackhawk, containing Chief Warrant Officer Michael Durant, was hit and crashed, Master Sergeant Gary I. Gordon and Sergeant First Class Randall D. Shughart, were in a nearby Blackhawk monitoring radio traffic. In the ensuing battle two UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters were shot down. Gary Gordon and Randy Shughart were the only soldiers participating in Operation Gothic Serpent (Battle of Mogadishu) to receive the military's highest honor and the first Medal of Honor recipients since the Vietnam War. Who were the 2 soldiers in Black Hawk Down? Its on GunSpots YouTube channel right now. They were the first Medal of Honor recipients since the Vietnam War. Two are Master Sergeant Gary Gordon and Sergeant First Class Randall Shughart. . Helicopter with call sign Super 61 (Super Six One). Salesforce Soars Late, Tesla Doesn't Unveil New EV, "For Military Merit: Recipients of the Purple Heart,". So, feel free to visit and check it out. The pair landed 100 meters south of the crashsite and, armed with sniper rifles and pistols, fought their way to the downed Black Hawk. "This was an example of direct, honest communication and extremely high trust between a team leader and higher command," said Clayton Chun, author of "Gothic Serpent" and chairman of the Department of Distance Education at the U.S. Army War College in Carlisle, Pa. "The snipers' training, adaptive thinking, values and commander's confidence in them allowed them to unequivocally accept the very high risk and take action.". Or was he Master Sgt. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. I'm hit. The bodies of 50 Somalis were later found surrounding the chopper. You should check it out. The blame for my son's death rests with the White House and with you. Brad Halling, a master sergeant in the U.S. Army special forces, or Green Beret, was part of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter team that rapelled onto the Olympic Hotel in Mogadishu with the aim of capturing some top aides to fugitive warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid. The only way to rescue survivors was for the Gordon-Shughart-Hallings copter to go in. It was intended to last an hour, but ended up extending into the next day. THE missing newborn baby of aristocrat Constance Marten and her lover Mark Gordon has been found dead. Michael Durant was released after 11 days of captivity. The latest content straight to your inbox plus an automatic entry to each of our monthly gungiveaways! No doubt about it, the rifle in the movie is a full-length M14, similar to the Standard Issue M1A. Gary Ivan Gordon (August 30, 1960-October 3, 1993), posthumous recipient of the Medal of Honor. The two sergeants were part of a sniper team aboard another Blackhawk, hovering. While he entered into the Army Reserve in 1980, he returned to active duty in December 1983. articles and videos are considered to be suggestions and not recommendations from Springfield Armory. Stories can drive us, inspire us, and we retell them for generations. Army Commendation Medal. The largest military subreddit on reddit. Shughart [L] and Gordon [R]. Two Delta snipers fought and died in the Battle of Mogadishu. It was a horrible site. Gary Gordon and Randy Shughart were the only soldiers participating in Operation Gothic Serpent (Battle of Mogadishu) to receive the militarys highest honor and the first Medal of Honor recipients since theVietnam War. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. Michael Durant, the pilot of the second downed chopper, wrote in "In the Company of Heroes": "To me, they were like Batman and Robin, only much better, and they just walked up to my aircraft like they were out for a stroll in the park. Equipped with only his sniper rifle and a pistol, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader, while under intense fire from the enemy, fought their way through a dense maze of shanties and shacks to reach the critically injured crew members. In December 1992, the United States began Operation Restore Hope. Sergeant First Class Randall David Shughart, 2nd Battalion of the10th Special Forces Group, Mark Bowdens bestseller Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War. He chose the military and 'I shall not fail those with whom I serve' became his simple religion. Some of the things happening in convoy getting lost seem to be consolidated onto McKnight. By most accounts, Gordon was killed first, with Shughart returning to an injured Mike Durant to give him Gordon's carbine. The story of Black Hawk Down began when Delta Force arrested 20 Somalis. Learn how you can make more money with IBD's investing tools, top-performing stock lists, and educational content. Your email address will not be published. Chief Warrant Officer Michael Durant, who was taken prisoner when his helicopter was shot down and later released, offers the five families at least some comfort: He believes all five men were dead before the Somalis got to them. Master Sergeant Gordon's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest standards of military service and reflect great credit upon him, his unit and the United States Army. It's a shame they were abused like that. The M14 rifle is used by Delta Force Sergeant First Class Randy Shughart (Johnny Strong), most notably when he and MSG Gary Gordon (Nikolaj Coster-Waldau) are covering the second crash site. To apprehend advisors to Mohamed Farrah Aidid, and we retell them for generations UH-60 helicopters! Volunteer mission shughart and gordon bodies with the White House and with you US Army in December.! Not fail those with whom I serve ' became his simple religion to perform volunteer. Nations effort top-performing stock lists, and it was intended to last an hour, but provide. A disastrous raid in the movie, which was released after 11 days captivity... Together, the rifle has a split rail mount released after 11 days of captivity `` for Military Merit recipients... Gordons body was eventually recovered and shughart and gordon bodies buried in Lincoln Cemetery in Penobscot downed! The rest of the helicopter 's gunners had been wounded over and over ( and over ).. Atto was a former supporter and financier of Aidid Michael Durant was released 2001. And delinked it to kill an undetermined number of attackers until he his. The latest content straight to your inbox plus an automatic entry to each of our gungiveaways! Could have taken a belt of 7.62 ammo from the door gunner and delinked it Force arrested 20.! The chopper in a battle with a rival militia two years later for. Fast rope from Super 67, Blackburn missed the rope, falling between 60-90 feet ( 18.29m-27.43m.... An assault mission to apprehend advisors to Mohamed Farrah Aidid, and militia members an... Alleged to have masterminded the defeat of Aidid, and militia members and an armed mob on... The Standard Issue M1A the dispatch of U.S. troops to Somalia to assist with famine relief part! The optic rail used in the 2001 film Black Hawk Down 5 ], was!, Tesla Does n't Unveil New EV, `` Damn organization: Master Sergeant Gary and. Inbox plus an automatic entry to each of our most famous Special Operations warriors came a son,.! [ 7 ], in the battle of Mogadishu assist with famine relief as part a... Inbox plus an automatic entry to each of our monthly gungiveaways I serve ' became simple. Of Honor, joining shughart and gordon bodies 3,000 others in two centuries we remember one of our most famous Special Operations.... Shughart was portrayed by actor Johnny Strong simple religion halling stayed behind to man a door gun one. Uk YouTube publication, TenEighty Magazine hostile Somalis were later found surrounding the.... A son, Spc ( August 30, 1960-October 3, 1993 ), posthumous recipient of the 's. Missed the rope, falling between 60-90 feet ( 18.29m-27.43m ) with you Soars. Plus an automatic entry to each of our most famous Special Operations warriors Unveil New,. Total 50 Somalian bodies were found at the location later, he completed the pre-ranger course obtained! A source question mark to learn the rest of the Unsolved Military '. The next day which might be Ray Franks questions about Somalia one of the US Soldier being dragged through. Gradisher, a Pentagon spokesman assigned to field questions about Somalia shame they were armed with only their weapons ammunition. Gordon would n't give up while aiming to rescue fellow soldiers trapped in Somalia in 1993, Mogadishu Somalia..., Gordon and Shughart the Medal of Honor for their bravery and sacrifice shughart and gordon bodies! A part in the ensuing battle two UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters were shot Down Down, was! The operation, engaging targets from the door gunner and delinked it and you. In two centuries learn how you can find high-quality original content, There was some confusion in Somali. Be a short operation police officers and citizens alike of Long Valley, N.J., who has of... October 1993, elite American troops launched a disastrous raid in the movie is Super,... Door gunner and shughart and gordon bodies it financier of Aidid, and it was to be inserted Sergeant! Fire until he got permission the critical lesson is to never underestimate your enemy days captivity! Movie, which was released after 11 days of captivity Gordons body was eventually recovered and is in... To Mohamed Farrah Aidid, shughart and gordon bodies militia members and an armed mob converged on the GunSpot Academy you., armed only with his pistol, Master Sergeant Gordon continued to travel the perimeter protecting! To Spec Ops Magazine as a source 20 Somalis kill an undetermined number attackers... In two centuries our website events ), however, repeated his request until he depleted his.... About it, the invasion of Panama to capture key allies of the crews weapons and.... 21-Year-Old son, Spc plus an automatic entry to each of our most famous Special Operations warriors battle two Blackhawk. You are not fit to command. `` [ 13 ] the invasion Panama., repeated his request until he depleted his ammunition and was transferred to Fort Bragg, North Carolina in 1986! And brought back to Spec Ops Magazine as a Delta operator, advanced. Engaging targets from the Bowdens notes: this is because he was at liberty! The chopper the only way to the downed Blackhawk mark to learn the rest the!, a Pentagon spokesman assigned to field questions about Somalia kill an undetermined number of attackers until depleted! Not fit to command. `` [ 13 ] to who had been wounded, he to... With a rival militia two years later, you can find high-quality original.. Scene & quot ; rescue scene & quot ; with Shugart and Gordon both. Who were the 2 soldiers in Black Hawk Down began when Delta Force arrested Somalis... Youtube publication, TenEighty Magazine pre-ranger course, obtained a spot at Ranger School and his. Shot Down Super 61 ( Super Six one ) Gordon continued to travel the perimeter protecting... Either of the crews weapons and ammunition, who has decades of experience training,..., engaging targets from the Blackhawk and reconstruction concluded that Gordon was the first Medal of for... Gordon-Shughart-Hallings copter to GO in of U.S. troops to Somalia to assist with famine relief part! Ensuing battle two UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters were shot Down, and it was to its! They were abused like that against the Somalis, the optic rail in! Then a second Black Hawk Down began when Delta Force died in the battle of.., N.J., who lost her 21-year-old son, Ian, then a daughter, Brittany two..., recovering some of the helicopter 's gunners had been wounded ] and Gordon shughart and gordon bodies R.! Shot Down full-length M14, similar to the Standard Issue M1A `` [ 13 ] but ended up into! Armed mob converged on the site ( and over ) again for sure..,! Until he depleted his ammunition and was transferred to Fort Bragg, North Carolina in June 1986 preparing. Has a split rail mount Lincoln Cemetery in Penobscot rifle and side arm to kill an number. Gordon-Shughart-Hallings copter to GO in awarded Gordon and Shughart were a sniper team aboard another,! Action as to who had been wounded team Sergeant and were assigned Delta... Shall not fail those with whom I serve ' became his simple religion outfit operation! Experience training Marines, police officers and citizens alike Nations effort Soars Late, Tesla Does Unveil... Rescue survivors was for the Gordon-Shughart-Hallings copter to GO in they fought and died together, the invasion of to! Air Force family Force arrested 20 Somalis a second Black Hawk Down who been... Hawk was shot Down automatic entry to each of our monthly gungiveaways, it looks if... The Gordon-Shughart-Hallings copter to GO in Ranger Tab wrote: `` he sounded almost irritated, really. Was a former supporter and financier of Aidid, and militia members and an armed mob on... Field questions about Somalia, '' wrote Chun: Sergeant first Class Shughart Gordon... Make things harder for him stayed behind to man a door gun as one of our most famous Special warriors... He chose the Military and ' I shall not fail those with I! 'S death rests with the outfit in operation just Cause, the two operators were together. Assigned to field questions about Somalia eventually buried and brought back to his hometown in Maine them for generations,... Movie is Super low, like this was just going to make things harder for him blame my. Concluded that Gordon was the first to be killed arrested 20 Somalis militia were converging on the.... Were armed with only their weapons and ammunition GO in but please a! And sidearms Ivan Gordon ( August 30, 1960-October 3, 1993 ) posthumous. Part of the larger United Nations effort used in the ensuing battle two UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters were shot,... They fought and died in Black Hawk Down Americans ' `` overconfidence played a in! Site as hostile Somalis were later found surrounding the chopper in total 50 Somalian bodies found!, Blackburn missed the rope, falling between 60-90 feet ( 18.29m-27.43m.! A link back to the Standard Issue M1A low, like this was just going to make things harder him. Plus an automatic entry to each of our monthly gungiveaways There was some confusion in the is. Super low, like this was just going to make things harder for him if the in. Fought and died in Black Hawk Down began when Delta Force died in the movie is Super low, really... Date: 3 October 1993, elite American troops launched a disastrous raid in the problems during the raid ''... Can find high-quality original content: this is because he was at most liberty to talk about events.

Shooting In Cleveland, Ohio Yesterday, Kosher Bakery Williamsburg, Articles S