In an essay on Gippsland from April 1843, Henry Bebb Morris described a mock fight between six Kurnai men using spears, boomerangs and waddies: they are small men, and when in repose would not be remarked for beauty or figure, but under the excitement of the fight they put every muscle into motion, and threw themselves into attitudes which would have graced a Grecian warrior. Gardner, Peter, 'The Warrigal Creek massacre', Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, pp. 0000003570 00000 n In the revised edition of Gippsland Massacres, Gardner reinvented the account, claiming the bones were carried away from the [Warrigal] Creek by the cartload. Bass Coast South Gippsland Reconciliation Group members Marg Lynn and Florence Hydon say they have been left completely unsatisfied: Stage one was getting rid of McMillan, of course, but stage two was totally frustrating.. Gardner omitted a part of the quote that indicates Hatcher travelled to Gippsland with a man named Bennett. Massacre [ edit] 0000001936 00000 n 0000115969 00000 n [3] Their customs and society were studied in detail by Alfred W. Howitt, but due to violence and the effects of disease, alcohol and the mission system, much traditional knowledge had already been lost by the time he began recording information in the mid-1860s. The murder of Ranald Macalister may have been the pretext for an attack on the Kurnai at Warrigal Creek or Gammon Creek but this is not borne out by the contemporary historical record. In July 1844 he wrote, I regret however to observe that the depredations of the Aborigines continue and that the small police force at my disposal is inadequate to put a stop to them. He went on to describe how the natives have been very troublesome, killing 90 head of cattle belonging to Mr Sparks, at various times, and many belonging to Mr Jones. This documentary captures a story from Victoria, however there were similar stories as the waves of colonisation swept across the country. e8 m-T>6R'WrqPWUVe)0'Yn1UF]2|SOWS)^h|6xy. And when Gippsland comes to terms with what happened, and why it happened, theres an opportunity to talk much better about that history.. But I wish to look forward, unimpeded by SJWs. If you would like to participate, visit the project page. Presumably he had reasons for both, but he did not say why and he did not reveal the source of his information. 0 The creek is on a farm 40 kilometres south of Sale, and 200 kilometres east of Melbourne, in the South Gippsland area of Victoria, Australia. [40] Gippslander (1925) Experiences with Gippsland blacks, The Gap, Education Department, Bairnsdale Inspectorate, Omeo, pp 5-6. He calls them The McMillan Massacres. [22] Sydney Morning Herald 15 April 1844, p. 4; the article appears to have Lachlan Macalisters turn of phrase. Happy New Year to all. [37] Again, no proof is offered. Home News Warrigal Creek doco at the Memo. [34] How left is open to interpretation given that his third book, Our Murdering Founding Father (a diatribe against McMillan), begins with the property is theft quote from the nineteenth-century anarchist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. Convicts were present in the early years of settlement in Gippsland in two very different ways: first, as the slave labour of the squatters, and second, as escapees congregated around Alberton. Many of the stock keepers were ticket-of-leave holders or assigned convict servants. The theme for Reconciliation Week 2018 is 'Don't keep history a mystery' Learn - Share - Grow. Required fields are marked *. Probably even as a child I just sensed something its a really spiritual place, she says. <> In Through Foreign Eyes, Gardner quoted the journal of William Thomas, the Assistant Protector of Aborigines. << /Type /Page /Parent 3 0 R /Resources 6 0 R /Contents 4 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Sell more tickets through digital marketing. The manager of the Krowathunkooloong keeping place in Bairnsdale, Rob Hudson, agrees. 0000015443 00000 n ]V)cxN:*e%{ZXi8C -[Y1d-ZZ. The statistical discrepancies likely emerged because Macmillan's group killed Aboriginal people at five different locations in the area. Shepherds worked in pairs, armed, as if in an enemys country, to resist them; and it was 1843 that ended by wholesale destruction, the massacres at Warrigal Creek and Bundalaguah Swamp, where only one aboriginal was left to tell the story of how they died and the history of his race.[61]. In the spirit of this year's NAIDOC theme Voice.Treaty.Truth., Knox City Council and the Local Aboriginal Network are proud to present a screening of The. The Warrigal Creek Massacre | About the film When Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could. 0000024533 00000 n startxref It beggars belief that it was accepted as a completely reliable historical source. This was the cause of great enmity among the surviving Bunurong. To secure your seat go to. You can still browse your favorite events on our From 1840, increased numbers of convicts were sent to Van Diemens Land after the cessation of transportation to New South Wales. xref This changed with the arrival of Tyers, who told La Trobe: The run-away Convicts, and other bad characters with which the District was infested a few months ago have, I believe been nearly all driven out by the system of surveillance pursued by the Border Police, acting under my instructions.[29]. McMillan is mentioned once by Gippslander, where he is supposed to have caught Macalisters horse on the road to Sale (which did not exist then). Emotional articles in the Guardian in 2019 parroted the denunciation of McMillan, as did the Gippsland Times in June 2020. Please enable JavaScript to experience Vimeo in all of its glory. One was a boy at the time about 12 or 14 years old. Gary Foley's Koori History Website http://www.kooriweb.org/foley/indexb.html Kevin Gilbert, Because a . Rather, his involvement is presented as a fait accompli. At a quiet bend on a beautiful creek they committed one of the worst acts of indiscriminate killing in the Australian colonies. from Gardner himself refers to Nuntin as the station established by McMillan for Macalister on western side of the Avon River in October 1840. Gardners method in telling the story is to first present the massacre and McMillans involvement as matters of fact. Wayne, a very valuable and comprehensive article. This 50-minute documentary directed by Lisa Gye and Andrew Dodd examines a day in 1843 when 150 Indigenous men, women and children were slaughtered on the banks of what is now Warrigal Creek in Gippsland. [14], Conflict with the Kurnai was not restricted to the Europeans. Our land of migrants, from the very first in their canoes or who even walked here. 0001064425 00000 n ktp33#`r[vhJ hR,t%434qrZQ7z He has attached his own assertions to his source material without distinguishing between them, and these assertions are made without proof or explanation. 27 May - 3 June. 0000000016 00000 n Bookings free, but essential. [11] The violent response from the Kurnai was the same as that meted out to their tribal enemies when defending their territory. @7k_|F_j}t'J'fu_}"Y5Xgx{ps:KQb#wOQ:/[]6Hy In his first notes [in the 1970s], he talks about the massacre and, from the beginning of my time here, no one ever kept a blanket over the story. The Gippslander account mentions the Highland Brigade and a death toll of 100 to 150, but McMillans involvement, Scotsmen, the swearing to God and the Queen, and secrecy, are entirely Gardners creation. L4V n)p>WRMXBe*(ru)%]>9,ZUN \p ,_`s=L{5vs{Gw 2ngnBaz0&#Xk+_ q10 m hbbbd`b`` K The Geelong Advertiser reported the murder: It is reported that Mr. McAllister was decoyed from his station by a party of blacks on pretext of having found a flock of sheep that had been missing, and that having got him to a spot favourable for their murderous purpose, they set upon him with their waddies, and despatched him under circumstances of the utmost barbarity.[20]. 0000008955 00000 n share events with your friends and make the most out of every experience. The Scottish colonist and pastoralist, Angus McMillan, led a group of around 20 colonists to attack and kill several groups of Aboriginal people across a number of days. An important part of Australian history, necessary for reconciliation. From 1839, Angus McMillan tried on numerous occasions to reach Corner Inlet from the Monaro District and finally succeeded in February 1841 when he reached the tidal bank of the Albert River. The Kurnai people were the indigenous inhabitants of Gippsland when the first Europeans arrived. In 1845, Tyers reported on the Aborigines, stating: In the early part of 1843as I have been informed, some of the Corner Inlet tribe were occasionally employed by the few Settlers at Port Albert in carrying fire wood and in other light work for which they generally received payment in flour & cbut since the unprovoked murder of Mr Ronald Macalister by them at Port Albert, about that time, they have not been seen in the neighbourhood. He was shot through the foot and was so injured that he was called Club Foot.[39]. The Author at Warrigal Creek 2016. It was made to better understand our country's true history. Gardner says this was almost certainly McMillan of Nuntin and that Dunderdale was mistaken as the person he was most likely referring to was McMillan of Bushy Park. Smith Street and Albert Street, Warragul, 3820, VIC, AU. It really hadnt happened before and it just was not even acknowledged or recognised.. 0000117321 00000 n Over there, thats where the whitefellas killed our old fellas., The Gurnaikurnai artist Steaphan Paton says the monuments to McMillan one calls him Gippslands discoverer should be removed: They belong in a museum, they dont belong on our land.. Gardners reliability can best be judged by his rewriting of an inter-tribal massacre at Tambo Crossing. 148 0 obj <>stream 29 May 2018. This mass murder was committed by early colonists Angus McMillan and the Highland Brigade. Bells account is matter-of-fact and he did not name McMillan or any other person. This account is much closer in time to what may have happened at Warrigal Creek but Bell did not reveal how he knew of the massacres. Here are some resources for further research. endobj Food and drink refreshments will be offered (meat, vegetarian and gluten free options available). 4 0 obj The aim of this article is to examine Gardners interpretation of the Warrigal Creek massacre story and his accusations against McMillan. His words continue to have influence and have provided a convenient but misplaced source of outrageand how does the community benefit from having negative sentiments engendered on a false premise? 0000885516 00000 n The Warrigal Creek Massacre - the documentary There have now been two packed-out screenings of this documentary at Stratford. We acknowledge that in our past, as in most nations, bad things have happened. << /Length 17 0 R /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 293 /Height 146 /Interpolate They proposed a different name: Bunjileene-Purrine. Is there any aspect of our history that has now not been corrupted by the SJWs? 0000029696 00000 n McMillan is not implicated in any of the material cited as evidence against him. The culture of secrecy surrounding the massacres was evident in Willy Hoddinotts account (as an anonymous Gippslander) published in the Gap magazine more than 80 years later: .css-cumn2r{height:1em;width:1.5em;margin-right:3px;vertical-align:baseline;fill:#C70000;}The brigade coming up to the blacks camped around the waterhole at Warrigal Creek surrounded them and fired into them, killing a great number, some escaped into the scrub, others jumped into the waterhole, and, as fast as they put their heads up for breath, they were shot until the water was red with blood. The validity of the will remains a problem. 0000030698 00000 n [46] Gardner admonished Hoddinott, stating, in this account he failed to implicate McMillan as he had done 15 years earlierbut neither version implicated McMillan.[47]. This National Reconciliation week, reflect on the hidden history of the 1843 massacre of the Gurnaikurnai people at Warrigal Creek. The current awareness of the Warrigal Creek massacre stems largely from the writing of the self-published historian Peter Gardner, who contends that his work represents currently accepted history. Launch date: Wednesday 4 AprilStratford Courthouse TheatreFree entry but bookings essentialRegister via Eventbrite http://bit.ly/2sTmWsCAbout the filmWhen Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could.At a quiet bend on a beautiful creek they committed one of the worst acts of indiscriminate killing in the Australian colonies.Drawing on official archives and oral histories that have never died, this is the story of The Warrigal Creek Massacre.Because to move forward we must acknowledge our past.Produced and directed by Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye.Production and research by Danielle Bowen, Jonathan Boadle, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell.Supported by Swinburne University. The return did not include ex-convicts.[28]. There are two significant aspects to this story: Dunderdale specifically named Lachlan Macalister as the perpetrator and he added the caveat on the death toll. Their prior absence from the discourse may indicate the level of research in this area. External Lived Experience Employment Opportunities, Complete the VMIAC Conference 2023 Survey, CEO Update with Craig Wallace | 17.02.2023, New Consumer Register Opportunity: Access Policy & Triage Guidelines, CEO Update with Craig Wallace | 03.02.2023, CEO Update with Craig Wallace | 20.01.2023. McMillans employer, Captain Lachlan Macalister, described the squatters as legally authorised occupiers of Crown lands. Gardner concludes that McMillan's group initially killed two family groups at Warrigal Creek waterhole and then a few days later killed another 60 people at the mouth of Warrigal Creek, then killing three other groups at Freshwater Creek, Gammon Creek, and Red Hill. 2, pp.20-21, [9] Cox, Kenneth (1973) Angus McMillan: Pathfinder, Published by the author. 12 %PDF-1.4 % >> /ExtGState << /Gs2 23 0 R /Gs1 24 0 R >> /Font << /TT2 11 0 R /TT3 12 0 R The men were easy prey for the Kurnai and by mid-1843, four had been murdered. Men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with I have protested against it at every station I have been in Gippsland, in the strongest language, but these things are kept very secret as the penalty would certainly be hanging. endobj "qd]^vc'OontVsl It was, of course, impossible to identify any blackfellow concerned in the outrage, and therefore atonement must be made by the tribe. In March 1840, twenty Bunurong men from Westernport escaped the supervision of Assistant Protector William Thomas to undertake a raid into Gippsland. Could you help us please? [30] Escapees living outside the law would therefore have posed a dire threat to the Kurnai. Warrigal Creek is the site of an 1843 massacre in of Gunai/Kurnai people in colonial Victoria, during the Australian frontier wars. The Warrigal Creek Massacre, a documentary exploring the history of colonisation in Gippsland in the 1800s, is screening at the [.] Unfortunately, in Gippsland, his diatribe against McMillan has been conflated with issues such as Reconciliation and Black Lives Matter. [45] Australasian 15 September 1923 p. 55; 31 January 1925; Glen Innes Examiner 31 August 1911 p. 6; Smiths Weekly 12 April 1919, p. 15, [47] Gardner (1990) Our Murdering Founding Father, Ngarak Press, Ensay, p. 40, [51] Stephens, Margeurita, transcribed from the journal of William Thomas; cited on Peter Crowleys website Snow on the Jeeralangs, [52]Adams, John (1990) From These Beginnings, Alberton Shire Council, Yarram, p. 21, [54] Tyers, Charles 1859 Submission to the Select Committee on Aborigines, Government Printer, Melbourne, p.77, [56] Gippsland Times 24 June 2020 (on-line edition), [57] Dunderdale, George (1898) The Book of the Bush, Ward Locke, London, pp.214- 215, [60] County Lands in the Parishes of Bundalaguah and Nuntin, 1857, W T Dawson, District Surveyor, on-line copy, NLA. 0000034127 00000 n They returned in triumph with flesh from the Kurnai they had killed. The creek is on a farm 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Sale, and 200 kilometres (120 mi) east of Melbourne, in the South Gippsland area of Victoria, Australia. 91 0 obj <> endobj While the murder was well documented in contemporary newspaper accounts, the reports also indicate that by mid-1843, Gippsland was in a state of disarray. Just before European settlement, the Kurnai raided as far as Brighton and Arthurs Seat on Port Phillip Baya distance of at least 120 kilometres as the crow fliesand they are believed to have wiped out about half of the Bunurong. 0001064365 00000 n As Bell indicates the early 1840s certainly were . 0000017382 00000 n Like Dunderdale and Thomas, he did not mention a mythical Highland Brigade and he was clearly not constrained by Gardners imaginary secrecy. In the latter, there is no mention of McMillan at all, the death toll is different (many escaped into the bush), and there is no Bing Eye or Club Footwhich may suggest editorial licence in the original version. This raises the inevitable question of whether the massacre story, based on Gardners interpretation, should be seen as historical fact or an apocryphal tale. The area of Nuntin is on the western side of the Avon and was shown in a survey map of 1857. 0001021671 00000 n In Chapter 4, he gives another rendition of the Gippslander story, stating the massacre was lead [sic] by McMillan. George Dunderdale was the Clerk of Courts at Alberton and lived at Tarraville from 1869 to 1889. But we strive to be one people, equality of opportunity for all, no privilege by birth, truly one nation. I knew two blacks, who though wounded came out of the hole alive. Bells account and the report of the massacre involving the Native Police in April 1845 can be found by simple searches on Trove. Thu This included five in the Border Police, one of whom held a ticket-of-leave. These passages represent the sum total of Gardners evidence against McMillan (left), but he does not explain how the story implicates McMillan. Production and research by Danielle Bowen, Jonathan Boadle, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell. Produced and directed by Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye. One might assume that Balderstone was blissfully unaware of this when she moved to the farm in 1974, but she explains she knew about Warrigal Creek from the beginning. They did not find any Bunurong so they ransacked a squatters station instead. Advice: This page does not contain images of people who have died. If the problem persists contact Customer Support. Perhaps the most apt way to name these outrageous and brutal occurrences is that they be called after the man who organised and perpetrated them: Angus McMillan. They were feared by their tribal enemies for their ability to attack at nighta skill the Europeans were to encounter.[5]. Oh how I wished I had written down the stories my grandmother used to regale us with. The region had descended rapidly into crime and violence in the absence of any government authority. 3 0 obj Gardner claimed in June 2020 that Meyrick gave a death toll of about 150 for Warrigal Creek, which he did not. % His body was mutilated and stripped, and it was found the next day by an Aboriginal boy in his employment. [2] Some historians assert that the number of 60 is an exaggeration, despite the witness accounts. Fri., 27 May 20225:00 pm 8:30 pm AEST, Siteworks Workroom 233 Saxon StreetBrunswick, VIC 3056. The reference to Bundalaguah Swamp has previously escaped notice. /Im4 20 0 R /Im1 8 0 R >> >> Lachlan Macalisters demand of Gipps to provide protection for the settlers gives the impression that the settlers were on the defensive against both the Kurnai and the convicts. This essay appears in Decembers Quadrant. Gardners fiction about McMillan, his misquoting of source material, and his reliance on an unattributed, anonymous and generic story truly relegates his Warrigal Creek narrative to the realms of the apocryphal. 0000023940 00000 n %%EOF Convicts under the control of the penal system in the Port Phillip District and elsewhere were notorious for their crimes against the Aborigines. Every day I look over and make sure things look peaceful there.. 0000030150 00000 n [60] Dunderdales geography was correct and it is just possible he knew who he was referring to, given that he arrived in the district just twenty-six years after the event he describedwell within living memory. Tyerss Convict Return for 1844 shows that convict labour was an integral part of the squatter economy. First, using the information Gardner misinterpreted, rejected or missed in Thomas, Dunderdale and Bell, we must accept the possibility or even the probability that an atrocity took place somewhere. % 0000010851 00000 n [10], When the squatters began occupying Kurnai territory with their herds of sheep and cattle, conflict soon followed. Around 60 Indigenous Australians were killed, and many more were wounded. 91 58 The Warrigal Creek Massacre, a documentary exploring the history of colonisation in Gippsland in the 1800s, is screening at the Memo in Healesville on Wednesday 27 February at 6:45pm. y]\lt`(+WT5[y&Z}_~PbEH/XFN4Kz+Vb)44BQ?Zh*Y Eo4/xhJk Hoddinott said that more than 100 Aboriginal people were killed on that day. The other was a little older; he made his escape up the creek by swimming and diving. According to Tyers, at least fifty Kurnai were killed by the Native Police and other Aborigines attached to the search parties. endstream Chapters 6 and 7 of Gippsland Massacres retell the story. 0000115891 00000 n 0001003043 00000 n They say they want to tell the story widely, and take down the monuments to McMillan the butcher of Gippsland. People who have died, is screening at the time about 12 or 14 old. Police in April 1845 can be found by simple searches on Trove it made... Outside the law would therefore have posed a dire threat to the search parties cxN: e!, is screening at the time about 12 or 14 years old that in our past, in. Why and he did not say why and he did not say why he... By SJWs reference to Bundalaguah Swamp has previously escaped notice was found the next day by an Aboriginal in! 4 ; the article appears to have Lachlan Macalisters turn of phrase against him exploring... Articles in the Guardian in 2019 parroted the denunciation of McMillan, as did Gippsland. 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