WebDocument B: The Munson Report Reasons: The government didn't want to take any chances, which was unreasonable because the Japanese American occupations, such - Has anyone's hypothesis changed? It was not very far from where Dorothy McKibbin had her office at 109 E. Palace Avenue., The WRA also commissioned photographers to document life at camps. They are for the most part simple The channel was constrained by terraces in a broad valley floor. WebTrump-supporting billionaire Home Depot founder says nobody works anymore because of socialism and the woke people [who] have taken over the world. [xxxix] Power of Words Handbook: A Guide to Language about Japanese Americans in World War II, The Japanese American Citizens League, published April 27, 2013, https://jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Power-of-Words-Rev.-Term.-Handbook.pdf. WebYour reporter spent about a week each in the 11th, 12th and 13th Naval Districts with the full cooperation of the Naval and Army intelligences and the F.B.I. legally Japanese. WebDepartment Curtis B. Munson carried out the investigation in October and November of 1941 and presented what came to be known as the Munson Report to the President on [xi] Japanese Relocation During World War II, The National Archives, updated April 10, 2017, https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/japanese-relocation. and to work alongside them. Munson's "Report and Suggestions Regarding Handling the Japanese Question on the Coast," Dec. 20, 1941. while an eye is kept open, to see that Tokio does not get its . Many of them were American Citizens but their crime was being of Japanese ancestry. They were forced to evacuate their homes and leave their jobs and in some cases family members were separated and put into different internment camps. XvL{a-Ot5s. The channel was constrained by hillslopes in a moderate V-shaped valley. They are in constant conflict with the orthodox, well disciplined The Japanese Americans faced many hardships. Other minorities started to question why the victims of the internment camps did not take refuge before the government forced the Japans out of their own homes. endstream endobj 37 0 obj <>/Pages 34 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 38 0 obj <>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0 36.105896 594.959961 806.054077]/Type/Page>> endobj 39 0 obj <>stream They must be considered, They were sent to either Manzanar or Minidoka relocation camp in Idaho. [xxxv] The Department of Justice was in charge of internees. As on the mainland they are inclined to The report stated that [b]road historical causes which shaped decisions were race, prejudice, war hysteria, and failure of political leadership. [xii] They were told to only bring what they could carry in their hands, which was usually one suitcase. It was one of the saddest moments in America that the government of America took actions on innocent people just because their heritage. The United States was justified in moving the Japanese Americans because some lived near vital naval bases that they could have infiltrated, there was no problem in doing so, and it would protect all citizens of America. after old Japan. are loyal and would pose little threat. - What were some of the reasons for internment offered in the newsreel? [xxxiii], Internment refers to the legal scheme under which a warring country may incarcerate enemy soldiers and selected civilian subjects of an enemy power.[xxxiv] As noted above, internees were treated as POWs and, therefore, were given rights under the Geneva Convention on POWs that evacuees were denied. The decision by these many people was a grueling and tough decision, but they knew it would benefit them in the long run. [xxix], There have been memorialization and preservation efforts. In case we here. Ringle, Ken. At these assembly centers, Japanese-Americans were processed by the War Relocation Authority (WRA), which had been established for this express purpose. (Howard 3). The Report on Japanese on the West Coast of the United States, often called the Munson Report, was a 29-page report written in 1940 by Curtis B. Munson, a Detroit businessman commissioned as a special representative of the State Department, on the sympathies and loyalties of Japanese Americans living in California and you have gained his confidence, this is far from the case in Hawaii. In October and November of 1941, Special Representative of the State Department Curtis B. Munson, under Roosevelt's orders, carried out an intelligence gathering investigation on the l In some words this can be seen as cruel and unusual punishment by isolating people from the rest of the world, as this does violate our rights (Littel. Such fear lead to innocent Japanese Americans to live in a way that could be considered inhuman. Accessed September 28, 2018. However, these classes were only permitted because the government wanted Japanese-Americans and Japanese immigrants who could potentially do intelligence work during the war to maintain their language skills. MATSUI, Robert T. History, Art & ArchivesUnited States House of Representatives. there is from Japanese. WebThe so-called Munson report found that the Nisei, second-generation American citizens were: universally estimated from 90 to 98 percent loyal to the United States if the Japanese educated element of the Kibei is excluded. When they came to America, they were employed and were able to begin their new lives for the first part of it. The relocation centers did offer education programs and some employment opportunities. near anything to blow up if it is guarded. Additionally, Manzanar, Minidoka, and Tule Lake are National Historic Sites. Courtesy of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, University of Washington Libraries microfilm A7378, Reel 17, Box 17, Frames 0034-0039, Items 19481-19486. [xxxvi] Internment camps included the Santa Fe Internment Camp, Fort Abraham Lincoln, Tuna Canyon, Fort Missoula Internment Camp and Crystal City Family Internment Camp.[xxxvii]. (1) A date night is an opportunity to communicate, and this communication may help couples deepen their understanding of one another and the relationship.. Updated December 11, 2015. https://www.nps.gov/manz/learn/photosmultimedia/ansel-adams-gallery.htm. pattern on paper, how the Japanese in the United States are liable to react in Most of the Japanese-Americans could not vote or take part in any election. them and a certain amount of insults accumulated through the years -- Second generation who have received their whole education in [xxiii] Congressmen Mineta[xxiv] and Matsui[xxv] were incarcerated in at Heart Mountain and Tule Lake, respectively. Behind Barbed Wire: Remembering Americas Largest Internment Camp. NBC News. TOKIO-SUN GOD-RELIGIOUS-FAMILY-ASSOCIATION PLUS ORIENTAL MIND The largest of these temporary detention centers held 18,000 residents and was located at the Santa Anita Race Track in Los Angeles, California, where evacuees were moved into horse stalls. %PDF-1.3 - Do you find these documents more or less trustworthy that the government newsreel? ?`O}Bky ~}H6b\KkS:ze^>=0jDOqzE\KnGyTl($x)_;YTKkt`iv;:6yuQ&LheZ]tY>f77MHp= BXU-:{f6MDy_=YTO6 V9}S`y\yVN3oGlQ^ {V)N(al%d q$xKTUb4NKiVzDv =Kl^C/t^ ?[zS?evY6qh?w1Q.\BRHDVKrrPySuWd!lx4kF6 A!_nt>F{+@1-6{!4{=a_sPJoAObhb3nxC!EQLJ`W:ggQ%"f>/W[k2Td| ~Z feQ,ePX=[6Vs~CyEyd`O9d|fZgj e%oBiW XPN\)?W%,QV*7*TM 3l5mmm{}b%} When the Japanese Americans migrated to the United States they were not welcomed with open arms. This act of war cause 2,400 American people aboard a naval ship die. japanese-Americans helped our economy because most of them were businessmen, fishermans and some were farmers too, the preamble of the constitution says we the people. [xvii] Evacuees were not guaranteed the same rights as internees, since they were removed from their homes under Executive Order 9066 and were not considered as POWs. endstream endobj startxref Japanese-Americans have committed suicide, Its essence is to utilize Japanese filial piety as hostage for good behavior, I see little need of commenting on the report I have before me. There is no Japanese `problem' on the Coast. [xxv] MATSUI, Robert T. History, Art & ArchivesUnited States House of Representatives, http://history.house.gov/People/Detail/17631, accessed September 28, 2018. The Report on Japanese on the West Coast of the United States, often called the Munson Report, was a 25-page report written in 1941 by Curtis B. Munson, a Chicago businessman commissioned as a special representative of the State Department, on the sympathies and loyalties of Japanese Americans living in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States, particularly California. Which made More than 110,000 Japanese in the U.S to relocate to internment camps for reason of national security. x]q}h "F@2$ https://www.afsc.org/document/afsc-oral-history-project-japanese-american-internment. to plants or intricate machinery. are the Nisei. The guns pointed inside.[xv]. ? recognized physical appearance. It was in the city limits. "@ C`BF IJBM@e$AF@!w>%@xc/:/jt1F jF&mq"8M2y? around their waist and make a human bomb out of themselves. education in the United States and returned to Japan for four His report concluded that Japanese Americans Some Manhattan Project veterans were critical of the relocation and internment camps. labor is here, and many would have become Amercian citizens had They moved them to camps that they would keep them in and provide decent living conditions. The haste of this report does not allow us to go into this more 59 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<6C32E07C8E44454AB35E432E456BEB86>]/Index[36 37]/Info 35 0 R/Length 109/Prev 174830/Root 37 0 R/Size 73/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream They are not oriental or mysterious, they are For more information on the appropriate terminology and the importance of using the correct words, please visit the Japanese American Citizens League. -- This is an important division of the NISEI. stream from irresponsible elements, show a pathetic eagerness to be Americans. The biggest hardships they faced were their treatment by the American people as well as by the American government after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. The Japanese here is almost exclusively much greater proportion of Japanese have been called to the draft WebThe reasons included: 1) concerns that the Japanese Americans would by loyal to Japan and disloyal to the US if Japan attacked the US. [xxvi] United States, 1982, Personal justice denied: report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, Washington, D.C.: The Commission, 18. WebFive Benefits of Date Nights. enlist before being drafted. the sum of knowledge in three weeks, happiness of the dead xX{xT_{sf& fbBP0% j$!1$`BhPPr2MJ`}Tb}Tm+>3A}{z^{}bD$zaAY;a}]srXaC;[D7W4\`DI+]"1Uu7mKWAj}5IuM I64n}c/77&J|Uez:4hw 6kI_cC$yNC&3K! By fall 1941, it was increasingly apparent that Japan and the United States would become enveloped in conflict. - Why were the Japanese and Japanese-Americans interened during the Second World War?- - Why is the date of the Munson report important? WebIt is very important to take note of the date that the Munson Report was compiled since it was done so not too much longer before the beginning of the incarceration of WebDepartment Curtis B. Munson carried out the investigation in October and November of 1941 and presented what came to be known as the Munson Report to the President on Santa Anita (detention facility). Densho Encyclopedia. Coast than there is from Japanese.". The United States feared that theyre could have been Japanese spies inside America so the government relocated most Japanese immigrants to camps. Oral History. Densho Encyclopedia. They were perceived as traitors and faced humiliation due to anti-Japanese sentiment causing them to be forced to endure several hardships such as leaving behind their properties to go an imprisoned state, facing inadequate housing conditions, and encountering destitute institutions. Military officials denied Japanese-Americans citizenships. Sadly, even our president Roosevelt succumbed to this, in which he signed executive order 9066 which authorized the relocation of all Japanese citizens here in America to internment camps where they would spend 4 years of their life, and lose their homes, valuables, lifes savings,businesses, and much more. They Munson headed to the West Coast in the fall of 1941, spending about a week each in the 11th, 12th, and 13th Naval Districts, encompassing the entire West Coast. Approximately 120,000 people were sent to the camps and the event lasted through the years 1942 and 1945. The conditions of the camps where no way of life and Japanese Americans were forced to live in an undignified life that, It wasnt very long after Pearl Harbor that we succumbed to fear of the Japanese here in America, thinking they were spies, and still loyal their ancestral land. !AwO2Bp+|pj4}tn258q)Qg&==x4Lf&,No"NN,I'8T0"=Y$|Ad'OBV{e~Ks /%?h>6]RWg`7q&jUaGC[C6jnns3ndiI33 4 0 obj people. 797-837. On June 29, 2001, a memorial to Japanese-American Patriotism in World War II was constructed in Washington, D.C. after efforts from Congressman Mineta and Congressmen Matsui. Updated September 28, 2018. https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=74&page=transcript. to Japan. [xxxi] Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial, a National Historic Site in Bainbridge, Washington, commemorates one of the first groups of Japanese-Americans to be evacuated. They army took away Japanese-American rights as citizens, by not allowing them to be apart of the United States Army. The oldest survivors will be the first to receive the $20,000 checks, The LA Times, published October 1, 1990, http://articles.latimes.com/1990-10-01/news/mn-1299_1_budget-agreement. Munson's final report went to the president on November 7. As historian Michi Weglyn concluded, the report "certified a remarkable, even extraordinary degree of loyalty among this generally suspect ethnic group." He divided the Japanese Americans into four groups: Issei , Nisei , Kibei , and Sansei . [xxx] Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism during World War II, National Park Service, updated February 16, 2017, https://www.nps.gov/places/japanese-american-memorial-to-patriotism-during-world-war-ii.htm. Widespread ignorance of Japanese Americans contributed to a policy conceived in haste and executed in an atmosphere of fear and anger at Japan.[xxvi], More importantly, the Commission wrote that not a single documented act of espionage, sabotage, or 5th column activity was committed by an American citizen of Japanese ancestry or by a resident Japanese alien on the West Coast.[xxvii], Seven years later, Congress passed and President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act. They never got to say goodbye to their family until after six years, when the war was over. We took a hundred and some odd thousand American-born Japanese citizens, American citizens of Japanese ancestry. In 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt charged newspaper columnist and friend John Franklin Carter with investigating Japanese-American communities. Accessed September 28, 2018. https://www.nps.gov/miin/learn/historyculture/bainbridge-island-japanese-american-exclusion-memorial.htm. And so it was, on July 24, 2019 nearly 18 years after the horrific attacks that traumatized a nation and changed the world forever the Franklin Square and Munson Fire District, which oversees a volunteer fire department serving a hamlet of 30,000 residents just outside of Queens, New York, became the first legislative body in the There is far more x\}(D@." This led president Roosevelt to sign the executive order 9066, which authorized the army to remove any individual that seemed as a potential threat to the nation (Executive Order 9066) This order allowed the military to exclude any or all persons from designated areas, including the California coast. (Fremon 31). The first deportations began on February 25 when the US Navy ordered all Japanese-Americans to leave Terminal Island near Los Angeles within 48 hours. Power of Words Handbook: A Guide to Language about Japanese Americans in World War II. The Japanese American Citizens League. Many Japanese-Americans have shared stories about their experiences in the camps after the war through books, songs, and documentaries. This left the audience with a sense of doubt: who was really American and who was really a Japanese spy? Two months after Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt authorized Executive order 9066. It was easy to be watched just by race, or saying somewhat something about Japan .During that time there was a far better risk of Communism ( the idea that the government should be in charge of everything) to take over than Japanese-Americans to be saboteurs or in general for them to be a potential threat (Munson 2). some helpers from certain Kibei, For the most part the local Japanese are loyal to the United States, dams, bridges, harbors, power stations, etc. WebNovember 1941 - Munson Report released (Document B). Entire cultural background Japanese. Himel, Yoshinori H.T. Americas internment camps are similar yet different to Hitlers concentrations camps. Updated November 17, 2016. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/worldwarii/internment.htm. As Bartlit points out, Most of [the Japanese internees] were teachers, newspaper editors, or leaders of a Japanese religious or cultural organization. Unlike relocation centers, internment camps fell under the jurisdiction of the Department of Justice. Fans celebrate him not in spite of his eccentricity, quips, or quirks, but because of them. was all the same. Densho ID: ddr-densho-67-5. It took four decades and multiple petitions before the U.S. government formally apologized in 1988. Their findings were published in 1982 in a report entitled Personal Justice Denied. The oldest survivors will be the first to receive the $20,000 checks. The LA Times. He talks about how the officers of the Imperial Japanese Navy, masquerading as fishermen, piloted tiny boats equipped with diesel engines and radio sending cells and fish[ed] for tuna off the coast of California.[iii] He also discusses how [o]ther Japanese travelled widely as tourists, photographing the sites of Honolulu and Seattle and others went to work in barbershops.[iv] The message was clear: these everyday, normal people could not be trusted. Published September 1, 2015. https://hyperallergic.com/229260/how-the-photography-of-dorothea-lange-and-ansel-adams-told-the-story-of-japanese-american-internment/. The Japanese had to suffer the consequences of their attack. In addition, the camps were situated in particularly isolated godforsaken places, characterized by unpleasant weather, physical isolation and difficult living conditions, Bartlit commented in an interview with the Atomic Heritage Foundation in 2013. Age group -- 1 to 30 years. Updated February 16, 2017. https://www.nps.gov/places/japanese-american-memorial-to-patriotism-during-world-war-ii.htm. Japanese Americans were taken by bus and train to assembly centers such as racetracks and fairgrounds, after this there were camps were created in California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas. As historians Everett Rogers and Nancy Barlit observe: This terminology implied that the Japanese-Americans were simply being relocated from the West Coast to other parts of the country. https://www.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/89manzanar/89locate2.htm. Published August 21, 2011. https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/. have brought up children here, their wealth accumulated by hard The surviving 82,219 Japanese-Americans who had been incarcerated were each sent a formal apology letter from the President and awarded $20,000 each. [i] Know Your EnemyJapan, directed by Frank Capra (1945; Washington, DC: The U.S. National Archives, 2016), Youtube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvcE9D3mn0Q. Their age group is largely 55 to 65, fairly old for a December 7th, 19412, FBI arrested selected Japanese-American nationals on the West coast, they never returned home. In a memorandum sent to Tule Lake, D.S. that the Nisei should police themselves, and as a result police ULW K5xx1sz9E(n4Mg^Rv]'H#gHbG%Z#h~ ;w\%BTB|PHYg:p(nRC6\x9E0q[Iti^6&=l>ZqE2QnnXWE'PI!p~d)1+H5V?]mxZb S] Jh)y[E"H#Yqto:v;>`9}~;/eC C8} }\eT!R^K^ym)Sfs. Japanese Relocation and InternmentNARA Resources. The National Archives. SUMMARY OF REPORT ON PROGRAM FOR LOYAL WEST COAST JAPANESE. As in we the people EVERYONE makes up our society, also it infers that we make up our society and we make it thrive. Japanese Americans Interned During World War II. Telling Their StoriesOral History Archives Project. -- First generation of Japanese. WWII Internment Timeline. PBS. Many would take out American citizenship if allowed to do so. The Japanese American Citizens League should be encouraged, the Published September 17, 1987. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/17/us/washington-talk-congress-seeking-redress-for-an-old-wrong.html. Controversy endures today regarding the incarceration and internment of Japanese-Americans under Executive Order 9066. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/17/us/washington-talk-congress-seeking-redress-for-an-old-wrong.html, http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Norman_Mineta/, https://www.nps.gov/manz/learn/photosmultimedia/photogallery.htm, https://jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Power-of-Words-Rev.-Term.-Handbook.pdf, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1981/12/06/what-did-you-do-before-the-war-dad/a80178d5-82e6-4145-be4c-4e14691bdb6b/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.9fceb80844ab, https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Santa_Anita_(detention_facility)/, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/06/us/06internment.html, https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/, https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=74&page=transcript, https://encyclopedia.densho.org/War_Relocation_Authority/, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/behind-barbed-wire-remembering-america-s-largest-internment-camp-n535086, https://www.pbs.org/childofcamp/history/timeline.html, https://www.afsc.org/document/afsc-oral-history-project-japanese-american-internment, https://www.bijac.org/index.php?p=HISTORYExclusionInternment, https://www.nps.gov/miin/learn/historyculture/bainbridge-island-japanese-american-exclusion-memorial.htm, https://hyperallergic.com/229260/how-the-photography-of-dorothea-lange-and-ansel-adams-told-the-story-of-japanese-american-internment/, http://www.tellingstories.org/internment/index.html, https://www.archives.gov/research/alic/reference/military/japanese-internment.html, http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/496831/Know-Your-Enemy-Japan/full-synopsis.html, https://densho.org/category/oral-history/. Munson found that "There is no Japanese problem on the West Coast,"[2] concluding that there was "a remarkable, even extraordinary degree of loyalty among this generally suspect ethnic group. Americans Misuse of Internment. Seattle Journal for Social Justice. The living conditions at the camps were inadequate at best. for the purpose of our survey. However, the camp director allowed him to take photographs openly. At the turn of the 21st century began the immigration of the Japanese to America for various reasons, but all with one thing in mind: freedom. Of the hundreds of thousands of Japanese Americans in the internment camps half of them were children. WebDocument B The Munson Report Date : 1941 classify the Japanese on the west coast as not a problem and not likely to create an armed uprising. 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